Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic and common skin condition that primarily affects areas rich in oil glands, such as the scalp, face, and upper chest. It is characterized by redness, inflammation, and stubborn, scaly patches of skin. The exact cause of seborrheic dermatitis is not fully understood, but several factors contribute to its development.

One major factor is the overgrowth of a yeast called Malassezia on the skin. This yeast is a normal part of the skin’s microbiome, but in individuals with seborrheic dermatitis, it can multiply excessively, triggering an inflammatory response. Genetics also play a role, as the condition tends to run in families. Other factors, including stress, certain medical conditions, and environmental factors, can exacerbate symptoms.

The symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis can vary from mild dandruff to more severe redness and scaling. On the scalp, it often presents as persistent and itchy dandruff, while on the face, it can cause red patches, flaky skin, and a greasy appearance. In infants, seborrheic dermatitis is commonly known as “cradle cap” and manifests as crusty, yellowish scales on the scalp.

Management of seborrheic dermatitis involves a combination of lifestyle changes, proper skincare, and, in some cases, medications. Medicated shampoos containing ingredients like ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or zinc pyrithione are commonly recommended for scalp involvement. Topical antifungal creams or ointments may be prescribed for facial or body areas.

While seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic condition, it can often be controlled with appropriate treatment. Consistent skincare routines, including gentle cleansing and moisturizing, are essential to manage symptoms and prevent flare-ups. In more severe cases, a dermatologist may recommend prescription medications, such as corticosteroids or antifungal agents, to help alleviate inflammation and control the condition effectively. Regular follow-ups with a healthcare professional are crucial for long-term management and ensuring the best outcomes for individuals with seborrheic dermatitis.