Warts are common skin growths caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). These small, noncancerous growths can appear on various parts of the body, including the hands, feet, face, and genital area. Warts are generally harmless but can be unsightly and, in some cases, may cause discomfort or pain.

There are several types of warts, each associated with different strains of HPV. Common warts, which often appear on the hands and fingers, have a rough, raised surface and may contain small black dots, which are actually tiny blood vessels. Plantar warts develop on the soles of the feet and can be uncomfortable, especially when walking. Flat warts are smaller and smoother, often appearing in large numbers on the face, arms, or legs. Genital warts, a sexually transmitted infection, affect the genital and anal areas.

Warts are usually spread through direct skin-to-skin contact or by contact with surfaces that have been in contact with a wart. Individuals with weakened immune systems, such as children and individuals with certain medical conditions, may be more susceptible to developing warts.

Most warts will resolve on their own over time, as the immune system recognizes and eliminates the virus. However, treatment may be sought for cosmetic reasons or if the warts are causing discomfort. Common treatments include topical medications containing salicylic acid, freezing (cryotherapy), laser therapy, or surgical removal.

It’s important not to attempt to remove warts at home by cutting or tearing, as this can lead to infection and the spread of the virus. Seeking advice from a healthcare professional, particularly a dermatologist, is recommended for proper diagnosis and management of warts.

Preventative measures include practicing good hand hygiene, avoiding direct contact with warts, and wearing footwear in public places, especially where the virus may be present, such as swimming pools and locker rooms. Additionally, the use of condoms can reduce the risk of genital wart transmission.